Traditional ship repair and construction mostly adopt riveting, screw joint, welding and other fixed methods, which require relatively high requirements, but also easy to cause damage to the hull, and high maintenance cost. Slowly, viscose replaced the traditional fixation method. And the ship sailing in the river, river, lake, sea and other complex harsh environment for a long time, the adhesive must have seawater resistance, atmospheric aging resistance, oil resistance, high and low temperature resistance, flame retardant, vibration resistance and other properties, some of the cabin bonding requirements of the adhesive non-toxic, tasteless, beautiful, ship repair generally requires field operations, the process requirements are simple and fast.
Application of adhesive on ship hull 1. Application in hull composite Material 　　Marine FRP, or glass fiber reinforced plastic, is characterized by light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, chemical adhesion resistance, good dielectric and microwave penetration, good impact toughness, beautiful appearance, good designability, low cost and simple process. It has been widely used in the manufacture of fishing boats, cruise ships, racing boats, submarines and minesweeper. In the assembly of the hull, FRP is generally combined with adhesive and mechanical connection, which not only takes advantage of the advantage of adhesive, but also ensures the sufficient strength and reliability of the joint. The step of connection is first bonded and then mechanically bonded, which is commonly used in the shipbuilding industry.
2. Application in hull metal Structure
　　In the metal structure of the ship's hull, a large number of metal alloy materials such as carbon steel high-strength steel, high-quality carbon structural steel alloy structural steel, cast steel, cast iron and aluminum alloy, magnesium aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and so on are used. These metal main structures are generally connected by welding, but in order to reduce stress concentration and improve the chemical corrosion resistance of different metal materials, they can be connected by bonding. Such as two - component acrylic acid, two - component epoxy, etc.
3. Application of submarine Silencer tile Installation 　　Muffler tile is a new type of submarine stealth equipment which is gradually mature with the development of modern sound absorbing materials. As an effective means to suppress noise and vibration, reduce the intensity of acoustic target and improve the concealability of submarine, the technology of silencing tile has been widely used by naval powers in the world. Silencing tile is generally composed of synthetic rubber and other polymer, such as styrene butadiene rubber materials, polyurethane fiber materials and polysulfide rubber, nuclear submarines and other submarines have a large area of silencing tile shedding phenomenon. This adhesive needs to have bonding, high strength, impact resistance, good durability, salt spray resistance, sea water resistance, vibration resistance and even need to have a certain damping and noise reduction performance. Modified silane, organic rubber, etc.
2. Application of Adhesive in Ship Outfitting System 1. Application in Cabin foam material 　　The sandwich structure of ship cabins is generally filled with honeycomb structure and foam materials, such as polyurethane foam, phenolic foam, etc. On the one hand, the use of honeycomb structure and foam materials can enhance the mechanical properties of the cabin, such as reducing the weight of the structure and improving the strength of the structure. On the other hand, foam materials have good heat insulation, sound insulation, impact resistance, and simple construction process. In addition to strength, it is usually necessary to consider the use temperature, smoke conditions and compatibility with core and panel materials when selecting adhesives. If co-curing with panel materials is selected, the curing conditions of the adhesive or film need to be consistent with the co-curing conditions of the panel. Two - component epoxy, two - component polyurethane, etc.
2. Application in bonding of Cabin floor 　　Cabin floor materials are generally PVC artificial leather floor, PVC hard floor, PVC soft floor and rubber floor. The floor is usually fixed to the steel plate or aluminum alloy plate by gluing. Cabin floor adhesive requirements non-toxic, tasteless, flame retardant, oil, water and acid and alkali corrosion resistance. Silicone or modified silicone adhesives are used.
3. Use in cabin interiors 　　The preferred fixing method for cabin interior decoration is bonding, such as instruments, instruments, pipeline accessories, plastic pipes, plastic panels, wallpaper, etc., are fixed with adhesive. In order to ensure the health and comfort of the crew, in the interior of the cabin adhesive selection of non-toxic, tasteless, flame retardant environmental protection adhesive.
4. Application of bonding on deck base dressing which is not easy to catch fire 　　In order to prevent the fire from spreading to the living room and control room after the fire in the ship's engine room or cargo warehouse, it is necessary to lay deck base dressing which is not easy to catch fire in the living room, control room, corridor and stairway. The deck base dressing has good high temperature resistance and flame retardant, which can effectively prevent the fire from spreading from the lower deck to the upper deck. For the bonding of deck base dressings that are not prone to fire, flame retardant adhesives should be used. Such as water - based white latex, two - component polyurethane.
Iii. Application in Ship Mechanical System 1. Application in connection of ship stern shaft and propeller 　　Ship propeller and stern shaft have been using "key" connection in the past, this connection method of shaft hole connection surface requirements are very high, not only requires a lot of processing hours, but also heavy manual whisking. "Keyless bonding" new technology not only saves the processing of keys and keyways, but also saves the heavy manual whisking procedure, greatly reduces the labor intensity, shortens the shipbuilding cycle, improves the product quality, and does not produce the phenomenon that the propeller is difficult to disassemble due to seawater corrosion. The modified resin has the characteristics of sea water resistance, water resistance, oil resistance and so on. It has good toughness and bonding strength, and the real ship application performance is good.
2. Application in correcting center of guide Plate of ship Main engine 　　Traditional ship main engine guide plate center correction using draw-wire method, complex process, low reliability, now using adhesive filling guide plate gap, solidified after a one-time set out guide plate center, saving time, labor, reduce the labor intensity of workers, high reliability. It has been successfully applied to the correction of guide plate center of Marine main engine.
3. Application in Gasket fixing of Main Engine and Auxiliary Engine 　　The main engine and auxiliary engines of ships usually adopt steel or cast iron pads to connect with the base of the hull structure. The requirements for metal pads are particularly strict. The contact area is not less than 75%, and there should be 3 ~ 4 contacts in the range of 25×25mm2. Now the use of epoxy resin instead of metal pad, shorten the shipbuilding cycle, improve economic benefits.
4. Application in fixing the stern shaft with copper sleeve 　　The ship's stern shaft, as a power efferent component, is directly connected with the propeller. It is made of steel itself, which is easy to be corroded by seawater and affects its service life. Therefore, copper sleeve is adopted to protect the stern shaft from seawater erosion. The traditional method adopts interference method for installation, that is, heating the copper sleeve and then inserting it into the tail shaft. However, this method is not easy to master, because the heating temperature is too high, the copper sleeve is easy to crack, while the temperature is too low, the copper sleeve will be in a dilemma, resulting in the rupture of the copper sleeve. The use of anaerobic structural adhesive greatly simplifies the installation process, reduces the cost of shipbuilding, and improves the shipbuilding efficiency. In addition to the need to use adhesive to fix the stern shaft and copper sleeve, the fixing of various seats inside the hull can also use adhesive, which can simplify the process and improve efficiency.
Iv. Application in Ship Restoration 　　Ship hull and propeller contact with river water and sea water for a long time, corrosion occurs, surface cracks, fractures, perforations and other phenomena. Marine equipment, such as power plants, are affected by vibration, wear and corrosion for a long time, which leads to cracks in parts, changes in shape and size, and affects service performance. Marine machinery parts after processing, will be found with sand holes, cracks, pores and other defects, these defects will affect the service life and reliability of parts. The use of adhesives to repair various corrosion, wear, aging caused by sand holes, pores, cracks and other defects, can be high efficiency, simplify the repair process, reduce costs. In particular, the use of adhesives is more necessary in areas where welding technology cannot be used, such as underwater repair, oil storage and natural gas storage of transport vessels. Recommended reading: "[Adhesive for Automotive Industry] New energy Vehicle power battery adhesive and its application Introduction -- Hengoda" 1. Application in repairing sand hole, crack and perforation of Marine equipment parts 　　Many large parts of the ship, such as the main engine frame, frame, cylinder, cylinder cover intake valve, long-term tolerance of huge load, easy to crack, and mostly cast iron materials, the use of welding technology is difficult to repair, the use of epoxy repair agent, acrylic structure bonding - buckle method, can not only solve the problem, ensure the reliability of parts, but also beautiful, and the process is simple, The cost is lower.
2. Application in the repair of Marine Power Transmission Equipment 　　The repair of Marine power transmission device is different from that of other equipment, which requires high strength. The welding technology cannot eliminate the internal stress, which has a negative impact on the reliability of the machinery. The simple adhesive technology cannot withstand the operation of high load for a long time, so the epoxy repair glue-fastening method is often used for repair.
V. Application of Sealant in Ship repair 　　Sealant is a kind of sealing material that can be deformed with the change of sealing surface, has good infiltration of sealing surface, is not easy to flow, has good infiltration, has a certain bonding strength, can be waterproof, dustproof, heat insulation, mechanical vibration resistance. Compared with general adhesives, sealant has lower requirements for bonding strength, infiltration, adhesion, stability of the medium, corrosion of the sealing surface and other properties. The ship sails in the humid environment of rivers, lakes and seas for a long time. In order to protect the ship hull and equipment from corrosion, a large number of silicone or modified silicone sealant is needed. In addition, a large number of pipelines and cables inside the ship also need to be sealed.
1. Application in ship Piping system 　　The ship has a very complex pipeline system, such as its own pipelines, such as drainage pipe, steam pipe, fuel pipe, lubricating oil pipe, refrigerated liquid pipe, sea water pipe, etc. Supporting facilities pipelines also include oil pipeline, liquefied petroleum and natural gas pipeline, etc. The working conditions of these pipelines are different, from tens of degrees below zero to hundreds of degrees, the pressure under is also different, the highest tolerable pressure can reach 8MPa. Simple adhesive can not meet the requirements, more with adhesive and sealant used at the same time, and can reduce the difficulty of disassembly.
2. Use in ship doors, Windows, decks, walls, etc. 　　Ship doors and Windows are made of aluminum alloy materials. In order to avoid electrochemical corrosion of hull steel and aluminum alloy doors and Windows, adhesive sealant is used, which is rubber sealant. When the ship deck is laid with adhesive, it is necessary to use sealant to caulk. The use of sealant can greatly improve the service life of the deck and reduce maintenance costs.
3. Use in Marine precision equipment
　　Ship radome, which can withstand the erosion of bad weather for a long time outdoors, has a high requirement of sealing. Radome generally chooses elastic sealant with long service life, such as polyurethane sealant and silicone sealant, whose service life can generally reach more than 15 years. Similar to the aircraft black box, the ship black box is a device to record the navigation of a ship, especially the condition of the hull in the event of a shipwreck, and plays an important role in accident analysis. Due to the special environment of the ocean, it is generally required that the sealing materials can withstand 1100℃ high temperature and 60MPa high pressure.